RESUMO
Screening tests were carried out on the toxicity of freshwater puffers Tetraodon leiurus complex and Tetraodon suvatii collected from Udonthani province, north-eastern Thailand. Toxicity was highest in the liver and varied according to the location and season of fish catch. Fish which were reared in tap water for 3 months reduced the toxicity substantially. Partial purification was achieved by an ultrafiltration technique. Toxin components were consequently identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. It was found that toxins separated from the eggs, liver, skin and muscle of these puffers were composed of saxitoxin, neosaxitoxin and decarbamoylsaxitoxin.
Assuntos
Peixes Venenosos/metabolismo , Toxinas Marinhas/isolamento & purificação , Bloqueadores Neuromusculares/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Bioensaio , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Saxitoxina/análogos & derivados , Saxitoxina/isolamento & purificação , Frutos do Mar/análise , TailândiaRESUMO
In 1994-1996, an outbreak of horseshoe crab poisoning by eating toxic eggs of the horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda affected over 100 persons in Chon Buri which located on the eastern coast of Thailand. We discuss clinical description and management of this first major outbreak. The responsible toxin has been partially purified by means of ultrafiltration and high performance liquid chromatography. The horseshoe crab toxin is identified as tetrodotoxin (TTX) and anhydro TTX.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Ovos/intoxicação , Caranguejos Ferradura , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Tetrodotoxina/intoxicação , Tailândia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Attempts were made to characterize the two toxins (P-1 and P-2) isolated from the blue-green alga Microcystis aeruginosa, by amino acid analysis, mass spectrometry, 1H- and 13C-NMR. P-2, the major toxin, had a molecular weight of 1044, and consisted of one molecule each of beta-methylaspartic acid, D-Glu, D-Ala, L-Arg, L-Tyr, N-methyldehydroalanine, and 3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4,6-dienoic acid (Adda). P-1, with a molecular weight of 994, appeared to have almost the same composition except that it contained L-Leu instead of L-Tyr in P-2. Mass spectrometric studies, along with a negative ninhydrin reaction, indicated that each toxin was a cyclic peptide. P-2 showed an LD99 of 70 micrograms/kg mice when injected i.p. and [alpha]D24 of -72.42 degrees (c = 0.095 in methanol), and was decomposed at around 218 degrees C.
